What are the characteristics of pleiotropy?

What are the characteristics of pleiotropy?

Pleiotropy (from Greek πλείων pleion, ‘more’, and τρόπος tropos, ‘way’) occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Such a gene that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression is called a pleiotropic gene.

What is an example of a pleiotropic trait?

Pleiotropy is a type of genetic expression in which only one gene affects multiple traits. A classic example of pleiotropy is sickle cell anemia. The gene mutation that results in sickle-shaped red blood cells also leads to other affected traits.

What pleiotropic means?

Pleiotropy means that a single gene affects two or more characters. In the context of life history evolution, pleiotropy means that a single gene affects the fitness of the organism at two or more ages. It is convenient to categorize the combinations of age-specific pleiotropic effects as shown in Table 1.

How common is pleiotropy?

Frequency of Pleiotropy All approaches, however, show that pleiotropy is a common property with 13.2%–18.6% of all genes demonstrating pleiotropy as defined in this study.

Why is pleiotropy so common?

We have known for decades that pleiotropy is widespread because in plant and animal breeding, and in laboratory selection experiments, when selection is applied to one trait, the mean of other traits also changes from generation to generation.

What is pleiotropy explain with the help of four examples?

Pleiotropy is a condition in which a single gene has multiple phenotypic expressions. E.g. Phenylketonuria is caused by a single gene defect but causes multiple effects such as mental retardation, hypopigmentation of hair and skin. Further reading: Polygenic Inheritance. Chromosome Structure.

What causes pleiotropy?

Pleiotropy can involve a genetic variant having effects on two or more traits via independent biological pathways, for instance due to effects in different tissues, or because the effect of the variant on one trait is causally related to variation in another trait.

What is pleiotropy explain with suitable example Shaalaa?

Solution. When a single gene controls two (or more) different traits it is called pleiotropic gene and the phenomenon is called pleiotropy or pleiotropism. The phenotypic ratio is 1: 2 instead of 3: 1 because of the death of recessive homozygote. For example, the disease, sickle-cell anaemia, is caused by a gene HbS.

Which is called a pleiotropic gene?

Pleiotropic gene: A gene that affects more than one phenotype. Pleiotropy results in different expressions at the phenotypic level. For example, sickle cell anaemia and cystic fibrosis in man.

What is intergenic and intergenic interaction?

A It is an interaction between two non-allelic genes. C Pleiotropy is an example of intergenic interaction. Intergenic interaction involves the interaction between two non-allelic genes, which is nothing but genes occupying different loci.

What are Holandric traits?

The holandric traits are the traits that are produced by genes present only on the Y chromosome. These are Y-linked by traits that inherit from male to male only.

What is the difference between pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance?

Some people confuse pleiotropy and polygenic inheritance. The major difference between the two is that pleiotropy is when one gene affects multiple characteristics (e.g. Marfan syndrome) and polygenic inheritance is when one trait is controlled by multiple genes (e.g. skin pigmentation).

Which of the following is not a pleiotropic gene?

I gene of Blood group Was this answer helpful?

What is intergenic reaction?

Intergenic interaction is shown by polygenes. This type of interaction occurs when two or more alleles of different genes present on same or different chromosomes interact to produce a cumulative effect. Multiple alleles, co-dominance and incomplete dominance are the examples of intragenic interactions.

Which of the following is an example of intergenic gene?

Pleiotropy is an example of intergenic interaction. Incomplete dominance is an example of intergenic interaction.

What are Holandric traits give one example?

Y-chromosome: These are Y-linked by traits that inherit from male to male only. Examples include:- (i) Porcupine skin (ii) TDF (Testis determining factor). These are called holandric traits.

What are Holandric genes give an example?

Solution : Genes present on non homologous region of Y chromosome are called holandric genes. E.G. Hypertrichosis or hairy ear pinna.

What is the basis of pleiotropy?

In genetics, Pleiotropy is defined as the expression of multiple traits by a single gene. Pleiotropy is derived from a Greek word meaning more ways. A simple example of a Pleiotropy is phenylketonuria is a disease. It is a genetic disorder caused by the low metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine in the body cells.

Which one of the following is a pleiotropic gene?

So, the correct answer is ‘Sickle cell anaemia’.