What is the working principle of solar cell?

What is the working principle of solar cell?

A solar cell is a device that directly converts the energy of light into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. Solar cells or photovoltaic cells are made based on the principle of the photovoltaic effect. They convert sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity.

What is solar cell bandgap?

The band gap is the minimum amount of energy required for an electron to break free of its bound state. When the band gap energy is met, the electron is excited into a free state, and can therefore participate in conduction.

Which band is used in solar cells for generation of electricity?

Based on the previous literature and some theoretical analysis, there are several reasons why GaAs has such high power conversion efficiency. First, GaAs bandgap is 1.43ev which is almost ideal for solar cells.

What are the basic processes involved in the generation of EMF by a solar cell?

Generation, separation and collection are the three basic processes involved in the generation of EMF.

What is solar cell construction and working of solar cell?

A solar cell is basically a p-n junction diode. Solar cells are a form of photoelectric cell, defined as a device whose electrical characteristics – such as current, voltage, or resistance – vary when exposed to light. Individual solar cells can be combined to form modules commonly known as solar panels.

What is the structure of solar cell?

PV cells are wafers made of crystalline semiconductors covered with a grid of electrically conductive metal traces. Many of the photons reaching a PV cell have energies greater than the amount needed to excite the electrons into a conductive state.

How does band gap effect solar cell efficiency?

If the band gap is too high, most photons will not cause photovoltaic effect; if it is too low, most photons will have more energy than necessary to excite electrons across the band gap, and the rest of energy will be wasted.

How is band gap formed?

The phenomenon of the band gap occurs when two adjacent allowed bands are not wide enough to span the full range of electron energy levels.

Why is that the best band gap of a solar cell is in the region of 1.5 eV?

Manaz has put it in the best way. As Manaz’ picture shows the energy distribution from sun is maximum at around this wavelength(corresponding to 1.5-1.6 eV) in a 1 micrometer range. Hence for maximum absorption of energy the material should have an energy gap corresponding to approximately 1.5 eV.

What is the emf of a solar cell?

EMF-Internal Resistance Model of a Solar Cell: The solar cell is modeled as a voltage (emf) source connected in series with an “internal” resistance. The emf of the cell may be determined by placing a voltmeter in parallel between the terminals of the open circuit.

What is solar cell explain its construction and working where is it used?

A solar cell is basically a junction diode, although its construction it is little bit different from conventional p-n junction diodes. A very thin layer of p-type semiconductor is grown on a relatively thicker n-type semiconductor. We then apply a few finer electrodes on the top of the p-type semiconductor layer.

What is a solar cell explain its principle construction and working with neat diagram?

Solar cell working: Once the solar energy falls on a solar panel, then it absorbs. Each panel in the solar panel includes semiconductor material to combine the properties of insulators and metal. So it makes to convert the light energy into electrical.

How is solar cell constructed?

Solar cells are made from silicon boules. These are polycrystalline structures that have the atomic structure of a single crystal. The most commonly used method for the creation of the boule is known as the Czochralski method. During this process, a seed crystal of silicon is dipped into melted polycrystalline silicon.

How do solar cells work class 12?

A solar cell is a sandwich of n-type silicon and p-type silicon . It generates electricity by using sunlight to make electrons hop across the junction between the different flavors of silicon: When sunlight shines on the cell, photons (light particles) bombard the upper surface.

What should be the band gap of the semiconductor is to be used as solar cell materials?

What should be the band gap of the semiconductors to be used as solar cell materials? Explanation: Semiconductors with band gap close to 1.5 eV are ideal materials for solar cell fabrication.

How do band gaps work?

A band gap is the distance between the valence band of electrons and the conduction band. Essentially, the band gap represents the minimum energy that is required to excite an electron up to a state in the conduction band where it can participate in conduction.

What is difference between emf and voltage?

EMF or electromotive force is the potential difference generated by one or more cells or a changing magnetic field in a solar cell, and voltage is the potential difference measured at any two points in the magnetic field. The SI unit and voltage of EMF are the same (volt).

What are solar cells write the construction and working of solar cell?