What did philosophers say about freedom?

What did philosophers say about freedom?

Rousseau: “Freedom is less about doing one’s will than about being subjected to that of others; it still consists in not submitting the will of others to ours “. The notion of freedom can be understood as synonymous with a total absence of constraints, obstacles to the desires of each and their realization.

What is freedom according to Jean Paul Sartre?

Sartre writes that freedom means “by oneself to determine oneself to wish. In other words success is not important to freedom” (1943, 483). It is important to note the difference between choice, wish and dream.

What is the main argument of determinism against freedom?

The central question is whether determinism is compatible or consistent with free choices and actions, with holding people responsible for and crediting them with responsibility for actions, and with imposing justified punishments on people and rewarding them.

What is freedom according to Socrates?

Part of Socrates’ freedom consists in his freedom from want, precisely because he has mastered himself. As opposed to Plato’s Socrates, Xenophon’s Socrates is not poor, not because he has much, but because he needs little.

What is Aristotle’s intellectual freedom?

Freedom is a concept. We are bound by our morality, we know what is right or wrong, or at least we learn what our society deems to be right or wrong, but other than that, we have the ability to set forth our own rules over what we may do and think.

What is an example of indeterminism?

Some instances of indeterministic explanations are compatible with a deterministic metaphysics, pointing just to epistemic uncertainty with respect to a specific outcome. For example, when you buy a scratch card, you are most likely to win nothing.

Do Stoics believe in free will?

The Stoics solidified the idea of natural laws controlling all things, including the mind. Zeno of Citium, the founder of Stoicism, saw that every event had a cause, and that cause necessitated the event. Given exactly the same circumstances, exactly the same result will occur.

What are the three kinds of freedom in philosophy?

There are three types of freedom. The first kind of freedom is “freedom from,” a freedom from the constraints of society. Second, is “freedom to,” a freedom to do what we want to do. Thirdly, there is “freedom to be,” a freedom, not just to do what we want, but a freedom to be who we were meant to be.

What is freedom according to Thomas Aquinas?

The freedom for excellence is the power to be the best human being we can be. Here the rules, or what makes for a good human being, are the grounding for freedom. One who observes these rules has the freedom to become excellent. According to Aquinas, intellect and will have command over free will.

What is the difference between determinism and indeterminism?

Roughly speaking, determinism is the doctrine that all past, present, and future events – including all acts of the will and all occurrences in nature – are determined and cannot but take place in the way they take place. Indeterminism is the negation of determinism; to deny determinism is to affirm indeterminism.

Does Socrates believe in free will?

for socrates free will and self-control are one and the same, combined in his commitment to the doctrine that reason, properly cultivated, can and ought to be the all-controlling factor in human life.

What did Plato believe about free will?

Plato believed that there is a constant battle with one’s base desires. To achieve inner justice, an individual must liberate themselves from these impulses by acquiring the virtues of wisdom, courage, and temperance. Once an individual has mastered one’s self, only then can that individual express free will.