Is asplenia an immune deficiency?

Is asplenia an immune deficiency?

Asplenia is a form of immunodeficiency, increasing the risk of sepsis from polysaccharide encapsulated bacteria, and can result in overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, often fatal within a few hours. In particular, patients are at risk from Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and meningococcus.

Is splenectomy a precaution for yellow fever vaccine?

Asplenia or hyposplenia itself is not considered a contraindication for most vaccines, including live vaccines such as yellow fever and MMR. However, the underlying cause of asplenia or hyposplenia should be considered when assessing the safety of vaccination.

Why does asplenia increase risk of encapsulated bacteria?

Functional asplenia Patients who have some form of asplenia have an increased susceptibility to these encapsulated bacterial infections mainly because they lack IgM memory B cells and their non-adherence to polysaccharide vaccines. Furthermore, there is a deficiency of other splenic cells e.g. splenic macrophages.

Do splenectomy patients need prophylactic antibiotics?

Daily antibiotic prophylaxis is typically recommended after splenectomy or for conditions such as sickle cell disease in which functional asplenia or autosplenectomy occurs on the basis of trials that demonstrated a 50% to 63% reduction in pneumococcal infection among patients with sickle cell disease receiving …

What vaccines do you need after a splenectomy?

Pneumococcal, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) vaccinations are indicated for patients after splenectomy.

Which of the following persons should not receive the yellow fever vaccine?

Who should not get yellow fever vaccine? Infants younger than 6 months of age should not get the vaccine. In addition, anyone with a severe allergy to any part of the vaccine, including eggs, chicken proteins, or gelatin should not get the vaccine.

What vaccine should be given after a splenectomy?

What immunizations are needed after splenectomy?

What vaccines should be given prior to splenectomy?

Ideally, vaccination with both types of pneumococcal (conjugate [PCV] and polysaccharide [PPSV]), both types of meningococcal (MenACWY and MenB), and Hib vaccine should all be completed at least 2 weeks before a scheduled splenectomy, if time permits.

Which vaccine is not recommended for patients with asplenia?

The ACIP does not recommend routine administration of Hib vaccine to the general adult population, but patients with asplenia or hyposplenia should receive Hib vaccination if not vaccinated before.

Why do asplenic patients need vaccines?

Asplenia and hyposplenia are important risk factors for invasive infections in particular with encapsulated bacteria as Streptococcus pneumoniae (responsible for more than 50% of infections), Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis.

How many years does yellow fever vaccine last?

How long the yellow fever vaccine lasts. The yellow fever vaccine provides lifelong protection for most people. A further dose of vaccine is recommended for a small number of travellers who are visiting yellow fever risk areas, including those who were previously vaccinated when they were: pregnant.

How long is a yellow fever vaccine good for?

Currently, International Health Regulations specify that a dose of yellow fever vaccine is valid for 10 years. Therefore, at present, travelers to countries with a yellow fever vaccination entry requirement must have received a dose of yellow fever vaccine within the past 10 years.

When do you vaccinate after splenectomy?

Regarding the timing, vaccine should be administered at least 2 weeks before splenectomy in elective cases (preferably 4–6 weeks before) or at least 2 weeks after surgery in emergency case.

What immunizations are indicated for patients with asplenia?

Table. Recommendations for vaccination in people with functional or anatomical asplenia