What is the ligand of NKG2D?
Table of Contents
What is the ligand of NKG2D?
Human and mouse NKG2D ligands are structural homologs of MHC class I molecules. All ligands consist of two ectodomains that are distantly related to the α1 and α2 domains of the MHC class I protein. Unlike other ligands, MICA and MICB contain an α3-like domain in addition to the α1 and α2 domains (36).
What does NKG2D bind?
Cytomegalovirus infection and NK cells Evading NKG2D surveillance—The activating NK cell receptor NKG2D can bind multiple stress-induced ligands and trigger NK cell activation.
What is NKG2D receptor?
Function. NKG2D is a major recognition receptor for the detection and elimination of transformed and infected cells as its ligands are induced during cellular stress, either as a result of infection or genomic stress such as in cancer.
Do all NK cells express NKG2D?
Introduction. NKG2D, encoded by Klrk1, is an activating cell surface receptor that is predominantly expressed on cytotoxic immune cells. NKG2D is abundantly present on all NK cells, NKT cells, and subsets of γδ T cells.
What does NKG2 stand for?
NKG2 also known as CD159 (Cluster of Differentiation 159) is a receptor for natural killer cells (NK cells).
What is the difference between NK and NKT cells?
Both NK and NKT cells are cytotoxic cells, which induce cell death of pathogenic cells as well as tumor cells. The main difference between NK cells and NKT cells is that NK cells are large granular lymphocytes while NKT cells are a type of T cells.
What is CD16 CD56?
In peripheral blood, the numerically major subpopulation is CD56dimCD16bright (≥90% of total NK cells) and is frequently described as the most cytotoxic subset, whereas CD56brightCD16dim/− NK cells are abundant cytokine producers.
Do NK cells express NKG2D?
NKG2D is expressed from the earliest NK cell precursor stages onward (31). Initially, its expression is relatively low, but increases over time and stays high in mature cells (32). In mice, NK cells express both NKG2D isoforms, even though the long form predominates in a resting state (9).
What is cd107?
Recently, lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1 or CD107a) has been described as a marker of CD8+ T-cell degranulation following stimulation. Here we describe CD107a as a marker of NK cell functional activity using multi-parameter flow cytometry.
Do NKT cells express CD4 or CD8?
13-15 NKT cells express CD4, or neither CD4 nor CD8 and are called CD4- CD8- double negative (DN). By contrast human NKT cells have a subset of NKT cells that coexpress CD8,16 further described in following sections.
Are NK cells CD8?
In humans, a subset of NK cells also express the CD8 coreceptor20, albeit at lower levels than their T cell counterparts, and flow cytometry confirmed that CD3−CD56+CD8+ NK cells (NK8+) comprised a significant minority of the isolated CD8+ fraction profiled by transcriptomics (NK8+, Supplementary Fig. 3A, B).
