What are the types of hypercalcemia?

What are the types of hypercalcemia?

Classification

• Mild hypercalcemia. Total calcium 10.5–12 mg/dL (2.62–3 mmol/L) OR ionized calcium 5.25–8 mg/dL (1.31–2 mmol/L)
• Moderate hypercalcemia. Total calcium 12–14 mg/dL (3–3.5 mmol/L)
• Severe hypercalcemia, also known as hypercalcemic crisis. Total calcium > 14 mg/dL (> 3.5 mmol/L)

What is the most common non malignant cause of hypercalcemia?

In the outpatient setting, the predominant cause of hypercalcemia is hyperparathyroidism. In hospitalized patients, it is typically malignancy [3]. However, other causes like vitamin D toxicity and milk alkali syndrome, which were rarely encountered in the past, are now being seen more frequently.

Which disease or disorder is most likely associated with hypercalcemia Picmonic?

The most common cause of hypercalcemia is primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma.

How do you remember symptoms of hypercalcemia?

The mnemonic “stones, bones, abdominal moans, and psychic groans” describes the constellation of symptoms and signs of hypercalcemia. These may be due directly to the hypercalcemia, to increased calcium and phosphate excretion, or to skeletal changes.

What cancers can cause high calcium levels?

High blood calcium levels sometimes happen if your cancer is advanced….The types of cancers that are most commonly associated with high blood calcium are:

• myeloma – about 30 in 100 people (about 30%) have high calcium when they are first diagnosed.
• breast cancer.
• lung cancer.
• kidney cancer.
• prostate cancer.

What is a mnemonic for hypercalcemia?

Which symptom is most likely due to an elevated calcium level?

Excess calcium makes your kidneys work harder to filter it. This can cause excessive thirst and frequent urination. Digestive system. Hypercalcemia can cause stomach upset, nausea, vomiting and constipation.

What are the nursing diagnosis for hypercalcemia?

Nursing Diagnosis: Electrolyte Imbalance related to hypocalcemia as evidenced by serum potassium level of 7.5 mg/dL, fatigue, muscular cramps, weakness, paresthesia in the perioral and distal extremities, and myoclonic jerk.

What is the most significant symptom of hypocalcemia?

Symptoms of hypocalcemia most commonly include paresthesia, muscle spasms, cramps, tetany, circumoral numbness, and seizures.

What are the 2 signs of hypocalcemia?

Some of the symptoms of hypocalcemia include:

• Twitching in your hands, face, and feet.
• Numbness.
• Tingling.
• Depression.
• Memory loss.
• Scaly skin.
• Changes in the nails.
• Rough hair texture.