What enzyme catalyzes malonyl-CoA synthesis?
Table of Contents
What enzyme catalyzes malonyl-CoA synthesis?
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes synthesis of malonyl-CoA, is the only regulated enzyme in fatty acid synthesis.
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA?
Acetyl-CoA is converted into malonyl-CoA by the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. The malonyl group is transferred to an acyl carrier protein to yield malonyl-ACP.
What catalyzes the formation of malonyl-CoA in fatty acid synthesis?
Malonylcoenzyme A (CoA) is the building block of fatty acid biosynthesis. It is formed by carboxylation of acetyl-CoA in an ATP-dependent reaction, which is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC).
How is malonyl-CoA produced?
Malonyl-CoA is formed by carboxylating acetyl-CoA using the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. One molecule of acetyl-CoA joins with a molecule of bicarbonate, requiring energy rendered from ATP. Malonyl-CoA is utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis by the enzyme malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT).
Which enzyme is used in the reduction reaction 2 of fatty acid synthesis?
The BCKA decarboxylase enzyme is composed of two subunits in a tetrameric structure (A2B2) and is essential for the synthesis of branched-chain fatty acids.
Which hormone increases the level of malonyl-CoA?
Leptin inhibits AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) that inhibits ACC. This leads to activation of ACC resulting in increase in malonyl-CoA level. Glucose activates ACC by inhibiting AMPK, and increases availability of acetyl-CoA. Both effects result in increases in malonyl-CoA level.
What is the function of malonyl-CoA?
Malonyl-CoA has long been recognized as an important precursor of fatty acid biosynthesis in lipogenic tissues such as the liver and has an important role in regulating fatty acid oxidation in heart and skeletal muscle. Malonyl-CoA has also recently emerged as an important regulator of food intake and energy balance.
Which hormone increases the level malonyl-CoA?
