What is catalytic dewaxing?

What is catalytic dewaxing?

Catalytic dewaxing is a process that ensures that oil products like diesel are liquid at the specific temperature ranges in which they are to be used in order to meet the cold flow requirements essential for the commercial success.

What is dewaxing of crude oil?

Dewaxing is the process of removing wax from base oil feedstocks before further processing into lubricants. Dewaxing is done in two ways: selective hydrocracking to crack the wax molecules, and crystallization through refrigeration and dilution of the oil using a light oil solvent.

What are the advantages of catalytic dewaxing over solvent dewaxing?

In comparison, catalytic dewaxing has an advantage over solvent dewaxing in the fact that it yields a lube oil base stock with a lower pour point as well as a higher yield of this product. Catalytic dewaxing also poses the flexibility to produce both lube oil base stock along with light distillates such as gasoline.

What is used in dewaxing of lubricating oils?

2.4. Dewaxing of lubricating oil base stocks is necessary to ensure that the oil will have the proper viscosity at lower than ambient temperatures. Two types of process are used; selective hydrocracking and solvent dewaxing. In the formar, one or two zeolite catalysts are used to selectively crack the wax paraffins.

What is CDWU unit in refinery?

Distillate from FPU are being processed in existing Catalytic dewaxing unit (CDWU-I) to produce Lube Base Oil (LBO). The new proposed CDWU-II unit will produce Gr-II & Gr-III lube base oil from the heart cuts generated from FPU.

What is the winterization process?

Winterization is the removal of the unwanted substances including, waxes, lipids, and fats of the plants in the crude extract. It is important to winterize to remove fats because the fats dilute the final concentration of cannabinoids in the final extract which lowers the purity and then affects the overall value.

Why is catalytic dewaxing not considered as a separation process?

Dewaxing is considered a separation process, but because Catalytic dewaxing involves breaking and making bonds it is usually referred to as a conversion process of n-paraffins. Catalytic dewaxing is still considered dewaxing because of its ability to remove long chain n-paraffins.

What is winterization in oil refining?

Winterization is an oil refinement technique commonly used in biotechnology. The process involves dissolving the extract in ethanol, then placing the mixture in a freezer to chill. The cold allows for the separation of compounds by differences in their melting and precipitation points.

How do you winterize crude oil?

The CO2 extraction method is usually the method that contains the most amount of fats in the final crude extract. The methods to complete winterization include four steps: dissolve, cool, filter, and boil.

What happens when oils are winterized?

What is solvent deasphalting?

Solvent deasphalting (SDA) is a unique separation process in which the residue is separated by molecular weight (density) instead of by boiling point, producing a low contaminant deasphalted oil (DAO) that is rich in paraffins.

What is the purpose of winterizing?

The fundamental purpose of Winterization is to remove unnecessary waxes from wax containing oils. These oils are generally subjected to chilling and filtration to remove waxes and other high melting point substances.

Which oils are winterized?

Winterization is used to refine oil in salad dressings, mayonnaise, cooking oils like sunflower oil, and botanical oils. Rice bran oil is one of the most commonly winterized oils, as it has a high content of waxes, fatty acids and lipids.

What are asphaltenes in crude oil?

Asphaltenes are the crude oil component with the highest molecular weight. They are conditionally defined as fractions insoluble in pentane or heptane; their presence in heavy oil provides its high viscosity. Therefore, the removal of asphaltene is one of the most efficient methods for the reduction of oil viscosity.

What is SDA in oil and gas?

The upgrading of atmospheric residue (AR) or vacuum residues (VR) into light distillates (naphtha, diesel oil, VGO, DAO) is the solution to eliminate the increasing excess of heavy fuels and to satisfy the increasing demand for higher value transportation fuels.

What are asphaltenes used for?

Asphaltenes in the form of asphalt or bitumen products from oil refineries are used as paving materials on roads, shingles for roofs, and waterproof coatings on building foundations.

How do you remove asphaltenes?

Asphaltene deposits are generally removed manually, if present in readily accessible equipment, such as separators and other surface equipment. For tubular and flowline deposits, removal techniques involve chemical methods such as solvent soaks with or without dispersants.

What is SDA process?

Solvent deasphalting (SDA) is a separation process in which residues are selectively separated by molecular type by mixing with paraffinic solvents and precipitating out of solution asphaltenes and other residue heavy components.