Where can COX-2 be found?

Where can COX-2 be found?

COX-1 was found in blood vessels, interstitial cells, smooth muscle cells, platelets and mesothelial cells. In contrast, COX-2 was found predominantly in the parenchymal cells of many tissues, with few exceptions, for example the heart.

What is COX2 gene?

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) is frequently expressed in cancer and is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandin E(2) which can promote tumor growth by binding its receptors and activating signaling pathways which regulate cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. From: Cancer (Second Edition), 2021.

Is Cox-2 an aging gene?

Increased COX2 expression is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. COX2 expression is also reported to be increased in the tissues of aged humans and mice, which suggests the involvement of COX2 in the aging process.

What is PTGS2 gene?

PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PTGS2 include Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Gastric Ulcer. Among its related pathways are Toll Comparative Pathway and Overview of nanoparticle effects.

How COX-2 is produced?

Cox-2 is expressed by inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, and can be induced by TNF and EGF. The prostaglandins and eicosanoids produced can have a major role in the development of human cancers but the role is not as firmly established in PCa.

Is COX-2 a tumor suppressor?

The activity of COX-2-PGE2-EP signal pathway can suppress Dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK), T cells, type-1 immunity excluding type-2 immunity which promote tumor immune evasion. COX-2 and the prostaglandin cascade play important roles in the “inflammogenesis of cancer”.

What is COX-2 pathway?

COX pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. COX-1 or COX-2 converts arachidonic acid to PGG2 and furthermore to PGH2 via COX and peroxidase activity. PGH2 is next metabolized to 5 major bioactive prostanoids—PGE2, PGI2, PGD2, PGF2, and TXA2—through their respective tissue-specific synthases.

What does COX-2 produce?

Both COX-1 and COX-2 produce the prostaglandins that contribute to pain, fever, and inflammation.

What are Cox-2 inhibitors used for?

COX-2 inhibitors (such as Celebrex and Bextra) are a type of NSAID and are the most commonly prescribed drugs for arthritis. COX-2 inhibitors are also prescribed for many forms of back pain.

How is COX-2 regulated?

COX2 has been shown to be regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, leading to the development of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective COX2 inhibitors (COXIBs), which inhibit the COX2 enzyme through direct targeting.

What is the function of COX-2 in the body?

In contrast, COX-2, the inducible form, is expressed in response to inflammatory and other physiologic stimuli and growth factors and is involved in the production of those prostaglandins that mediate pain and support the inflammatory process.

What herbs are COX-2 inhibitors?

Turmeric, Ginger, Boswellia, Hops and salicin all have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties through their role as botanical COX-2 inhibitors.