Who is Dr Harold Varmus?
Table of Contents
Who is Dr Harold Varmus?
Harold Eliot Varmus (born December 18, 1939) is an American Nobel Prize-winning scientist who was director of the National Institutes of Health from 1993 to 1999 and the 14th Director of the National Cancer Institute from 2010 to 2015, a post to which he was appointed by President Barack Obama.
What did Harold Varmus do?
In the mid-1970s, Harold Varmus and Michael Bishop discovered virus genes that can cause cancer. However, they also found that these so-called oncogenes did not originally come from the virus, but from normal cells, and that these had been incorporated into the virus.
Which of the following scientist got Nobel Prize in 1989 for the studies on the genetic basis of cancer?
Varmus. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989 was awarded jointly to J. Michael Bishop and Harold E. Varmus “for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes.”
Do all retroviruses have oncogenes?
Oncogenes are genes that cause cancer. Retroviruses contain oncogenes and cause cancer in animals and, perhaps, in man. The viruses have appropriated their oncogenes from normal cellular DNA by genetic recombination.
What is meant by oncogene addiction?
The term ‘oncogene addiction’ was first coined by Bernard Weinstein to describe the dependency of certain tumor cells on a single activated oncogenic protein or pathway to maintain their malignant properties, despite the likely accumulation of multiple gain- and loss-of-function mutations that contribute to …
Who discovered the first oncogene?
Dr. Robert Weinberg
Dr. Robert Weinberg is credited with discovering the first identified human oncogene in a human bladder cancer cell line. The molecular nature of the mutation leading to oncogenesis was subsequently isolated and characterized by the Spanish biochemist Mariano Barbacid and published in Nature in 1982.
Who owns NIH funded research?
ˈeɪtʃ/) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. It was founded in the late 1880s and is now part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services.
Is RSV a retrovirus?
Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) (/raʊs/) is a retrovirus and is the first oncovirus to have been described. It causes sarcoma in chickens. As with all retroviruses, it reverse transcribes its RNA genome into cDNA before integration into the host DNA.
Is retrovirus an animal virus?
A retrovirus is a type of virus that inserts a copy of its RNA genome into the DNA of a host cell that it invades, thus changing the genome of that cell….Retrovirus.
| Retroviridae | |
|---|---|
| HIV retrovirus schematic of cell infection, virus production and virus structure | |
| Virus classification | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
What does synthetic lethality mean?
Listen to pronunciation. (sin-THEH-tik lee-THA-luh-tee) Describes a situation in which mutations (changes) in two genes together result in cell death, but a mutation in either gene alone does not.
Who discovered v SRC?
In the late 1970s, a NIH researcher named Harold Varmus reviewed Temin’s RSV experiments and attempted to create a DNA probe for the v-SRC sequence. Much to his surprise, his probe not only found v-SRC in cells infected with RSV, but also in uninfected cells.
When was the first oncogenic virus discovered?
The first oncogenic human virus, Epstein–Barr virus, was observed in 1964 (Epstein et al., 1964) and causes Burkitt’s lymphoma. Kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus was discovered in 1994 as the causal agent for Kaposi’s sarcoma (Chang et al., 1994), a disease frequently found in patients with HIV-associated AIDS.
Did Watson lose his Nobel Prize?
In 2014, Watson sold his Nobel prize medal to raise money after complaining of being made an “unperson” following controversial statements he had made. Part of the funds raised by the sale went to support scientific research. The medal sold at auction at Christie’s in December 2014 for US$4.1 million.
Why Watson sold his Nobel Prize?
The medal is the first Nobel Prize to be put on sale by a living recipient. Watson recently said he was selling the medal because he had been ostracised by the scientific community after remarks he made about race in a 2007 interview.
