What is perforated artery disease?
Table of Contents
What is perforated artery disease?
Introduction. Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is, fortunately, a rare but serious life-threatening complication of a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which in severe cases lead to cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, and even death, if there is no intervention.
What is perforation of coronary artery?
Coronary perforation is a rare PCI complication leading to pericardial effusion with or without tamponade and if left undiagnosed or untreated it is life-threatening. We present two different types of coronary interventions, but both ending with coronary perforation.
What causes a perforated artery?
Causes of perforations were complex stenoses, chronic occlusions, calcified lesions, small predicted and minimal vessel lumen, high percent stenosis, use of excimer laser or thromboextrator.
Which artery gives perforating branches?
| Perforating arteries | |
|---|---|
| The arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions. | |
| The profunda femoris artery, femoral artery and their major branches – right thigh, anterior view. (Perforating arteries labeled at right center.) | |
| Details | |
| Source | Profunda femoris artery |
How are myocardial infarction classified?
The classification distinguishes between type 1 myocardial infarction due to thrombosis of an atherosclerotic plaque and type 2 myocardial infarction due to myocardial oxygen supply-demand imbalance in the context of another acute illness.
What is Coronary Artery Dissection?
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection — sometimes referred to as SCAD — is an emergency condition that occurs when a tear forms in a blood vessel in the heart. SCAD can slow or block blood flow to the heart, causing a heart attack, heart rhythm problems (arrythmias) or sudden death.
Can pericarditis cause cardiac tamponade?
Pericarditis is commonly associated with pericardial effusion that can sometimes worsen to cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is a grave condition that happens after sudden and/or excessive accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space.
What causes coronary artery disease?
Coronary artery disease is caused by plaque buildup in the wall of the arteries that supply blood to the heart (called coronary arteries). Plaque is made up of cholesterol deposits. Plaque buildup causes the inside of the arteries to narrow over time. This process is called atherosclerosis.
How is SCAD detected?
Doctors may be able to recognize the signs of SCAD using an angiogram (PDF), but an intravascular ultrasound or optical coherence tomography screening, which allows doctors to see the artery from the inside out, is needed to make a definitive diagnosis, Dr. Magliato said.
What is treatment for SCAD?
Treatment. The goal of treatment for SCAD is to restore blood flow to the heart, manage chest pain and prevent recurrence. Sometimes, this healing will occur naturally. Or doctors might have to restore blood flow by opening the artery with a balloon or stent.
What is perforator stroke?
Perforator stroke involves the perforators of the anterior choroi- dal artery, anterior cerebral artery, MCA, posterior cerebral artery, and posterior communicating artery, supplying among others thala- mus, striatum, posterior limb of the internal capsule, and centrum semiovale (Table 1).
What is perforating branches mean?
per·fo·rat·ing branch·es [TA] arterial branches that penetrate a wall or pass from the anterior to the posterior aspect or compartment of a structure such as the hand or foot to anastomose or be distributed.
What is Type 2 ischemia?
Type 2 NSTEMI is defined as myocardial ischemia resulting from mismatched myocardial oxygen supply and demand that is not related to unstable coronary artery disease (CAD).
Is NSTEMI a Type 1 or Type 2?
Most NSTEMI (65%–90%) are type 1 MI. Patients with type 2 MI have multiple comorbidities and causes of in-hospital mortality among these patients are not always CV-related.
What is Type 2 SCAD?
Type 2 SCAD is identified by diffuse luminal narrowing or stenosis (usually >20 mm) of the coronary artery without dissection. Type 2 SCAD is the most common type of SCAD present and has been reported in over 60 percent of SCAD patients.
What is a tear in the heart called?
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection — sometimes referred to as SCAD — is an emergency condition that occurs when a tear forms in a blood vessel in the heart.
