Which vaccines are contraindicated in asplenia?

Which vaccines are contraindicated in asplenia?

Precautions and Contraindications Pneumococcal, meningococcal, and Hib vaccines are contraindicated if the patient previously experienced a severe allergic reaction such as anaphylaxis upon administration of the vaccine or a component.

What vaccines are needed for asplenia?

Asplenia and Adult Vaccination

• Influenza vaccine each year to protect against seasonal flu.
• Tdap vaccine to protect against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough.
• Hib vaccine to protect against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) if you were not previously vaccinated with the vaccine.

Why is splenectomy important for encapsulated bacteria?

The spleen is crucial to the host response to infection by clearing polysaccharide-encapsulated bacteria. This response involves the clearing of pathogens from the bloodstream as well as the rapid production of specific antigens.

Why are vaccines given before splenectomy?

All patients who must undergo elective splenectomy should receive a dose of meningococcal conjugate vaccine at least 2 weeks before surgery to optimize the immune response;26,39 if it is not possible to respect this timing, it is recommended to carry out the vaccination at least 2 weeks after surgery.

Why splenectomy increased risk of infection?

Splenectomy may be followed by severe systemic infection because such surgery removes the splenic macrophages that filter and phagocytose bacteria and other bloodborne pathogens. Overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI), as this complication is called, is uncommon but has high mortality.

Is splenectomy a risk factor for Covid?

Conclusions: Splenectomized patients are not at an increased risk of COVID-19 infection, but they may have a higher risk of hospitalisation or death among COVID-19 positive individuals.

When do you give vaccines after splenectomy?

If the doses cannot be given prior to the splenectomy, they should be given at least 14 days after surgery or prior to discharge, whichever is earliest. Some data suggest poor vaccine responses within 14 days after splenectomy.

When do you give pneumococcal vaccine after splenectomy?

Initial vaccines to be given to all patients > Urgent / emergency splenectomy: Give vaccines at least 7 days postoperatively or on day of discharge, whichever comes first. The optimal time is when the patient has recovered from surgery (7 days postoperatively if this is possible).

Why do Asplenic individuals require extra vaccines?

Individuals with anatomical asplenia (absent spleen) or functional asplenia/hyposplenia (no function or decreased function) are therefore at an increased risk of infections and are recommended to receive additional vaccines (outlined below).

Does the Covid vaccine work if you have no spleen?

They agree that unless you have a very serious allergy to any of the vaccine ingredients, you should strongly consider getting the COVID-19 vaccine. This is because the spleen plays an important role in the immune system, so you have a higher chance of experiencing severe symptoms if you get COVID-19.

Why do we give vaccines after splenectomy?

Patients without a functional spleen need to be vaccinated against pneumococcus, haemophilus influenzae type B, and meningococcus to reduce the risk of life-threatening infections.