Can aminoglycosides cause renal failure?
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Can aminoglycosides cause renal failure?
GENERAL FEATURES OF AMINOGLYCOSIDE NEPHROTOXICITY Nephrotoxicity induced by aminoglycosides manifests clinically as nonoliguric renal failure, with a slow rise in serum creatinine and a hypoosmolar urinary output developing after several days of treatment.
What are two most serious side effects associated with aminoglycosides?
The major side effects of aminoglycosides are kidney injury, hearing impairment and vestibular toxicity.
Is nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides reversible?
Although usually reversible, aminoglycoside-induced renal injury prolongs hospitalization time and increase patients cost. Even more important, the occurrence of nephrotoxicity is associated with higher patient mortality.
How do aminoglycosides damage kidneys?
Regular courses of aminoglycoside antibiotics may cause subclinical kidney damage leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This can manifest at the level of the glomerulus (causing decreased glomerular filtration rate, GFR) and the tubules (causing altered excretion of electrolytes).
How do aminoglycosides cause acute kidney injury?
They exert their main toxic effect within the tubular cell by altering phospholipid metabolism. In addition to their direct effect on cells, aminoglycosides cause renal vasoconstriction.
How aminoglycosides cause Aki?
Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to acute tubular necrosis is a relatively common complication of aminoglycoside therapy, with a rise in the serum creatinine concentration of more than 0.5 to 1 mg/dL (44 to 88 micromol/L) or a 50 percent increase in serum creatinine concentration from baseline occurring in 10 to 20 …
How does aminoglycosides affect the kidney?
What is the prominent adverse effect of aminoglycosides?
Why is it important to evaluate the kidney function of a patient who is receiving aminoglycosides?
[5–7] Because aminoglycosides have a narrow therapeutic index, optimization of therapy to minimize risk of toxicity to residual renal function or vestibular toxicity is important for patients with renal failure who have prolonged exposure to the drug.
How aminoglycosides cause AKI?
Why is gentamicin nephrotoxic?
Gentamicin induces nephrotoxicity by inhibiting protein synthesis in renal cells that specifically causes necrosis of cells in the renal proximal tubule, resulting in acute tubular necrosis, followed by acute renal failure.
How do aminoglycosides affect kidneys?
