What are J774A 1 cells?

What are J774A 1 cells?

J774A. 1 is a cell line isolated in 1968 from the ascites of an adult, female patient with reticulum cell sarcoma. This cell line can be used in immunology research. Animal cells. Mus musculus, mouse.

What is the function of alveolar macrophages?

Alveolar macrophages are critical for tissue homeostasis, host defense, clearance of surfactant and cell debris, pathogen recognition, initiation and resolution of lung inflammation, and repair of damaged tissue (10).

Why are J774 cells used?

Macrophage cell lines like J774 cells are ideal model systems for establishing the biophysical foundations of autonomous deformation and motility of immune cells.

Where are Clara cells?

The Clara cells are a group of cells, sometimes called “nonciliated bronchiolar secretory cells”, found in the bronchiolar epithelium of mammals including man, and in the upper airways of some species such as mice.

What do type II alveolar cells do?

Four major functions have been attributed to alveolar type II cells: (1) synthesis and secretion of surfactant; (2) xenobiotic metabolism; (3) transepithelial movement of water; and (4) regeneration of the alveolar epithelium following lung injury.

What are Raji cells?

The Raji cell is a lymphoblastoid cell with B-cell characteristics derived from a Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line. It has low affinity Fc receptors for binding immunoglobulin and high affinity receptors for binding complement.

Why are HEK cells used?

HEK 293 cells have been widely used in cell biology research for many years, because of their reliable growth and propensity for transfection. They are also used by the biotechnology industry to produce therapeutic proteins and viruses for gene therapy as well as safety testing for a vast array of chemicals.

What is HEK293 used for?

HEK293 are frequently used for heterologous expression of cell membrane receptors and ion channels, and many studies have utilized this cell line to investigate the signalling pathways of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are implicated in disease.

What is the function of ITO cells?

Ito cells (perisinusoidal fat-storing cells, stellate cells, lipocytes) of the liver are mesenchymal cells located in the space of Disse. They are the main place of vitamin A storage in characteristic lipid droplets.

What do stellate cells do?

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are pericytes residing in the perisinusoidal space, between sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes, store vitamin A, and regulate sinusoidal circulation. Following chronic hepatitis, HSCs actively produce extracellular matrices and cause liver fibrosis.

Why are Clara cells important?

The primary functions of Clara cells are: (1) to provide secretory surfactants (surfactant proteins A, B and D) and other specific proteins (e.g., CCSP) that contribute to the airway epithelial lining fluid; (2) to serve as progenitor cells for ciliated and secretory epithelial cells; and (3) to metabolize xenobiotic …

What is Clara cells and its function?

Its function is presumably to determine the chemical and physical properties of the lining of small airways, and it could behave as a kind of bronchiolar surfactant, limiting lung collapse. The Clara cells also contain much cytochrome P450 dependent mixed-function oxidases, which presumably play a detoxifying role.

What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 alveolar cells?

Type 1 pneumocytes are thin flattened cells that are responsible for the gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries. Type 2 pneumocytes are smaller cells that are cuboidal in shape. They are responsible for the secretion of pulmonary surfactants in order to reduce the surface tension in the alveoli.

What does MH-s stand for?

MH-S, a murine alveolar macrophage cell line: morphological, cytochemical, and functional characteristics A continuous cell line of murine alveolar macrophages (AM), designated MH-S, has been established following transformation of cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage from Balb/cJ mice with simian virus 40 (SV40).

What is the function of MHC molecules?

The function of MHC molecules is to bind peptide fragments derived from pathogens and display them on the cell surface for recognition by the appropriate T cells.

Why is MHC restriction important for antigen recognition?

Because the MHC genotype restricts the antigenspecificity of T cells, this effect is called MHC restriction. Together with the earlier studies on both B cells and macrophages, this work showed that MHC restriction is a critical feature of antigen recognition by all functional classes of T cells.

Is the ability to recognize MHC molecules inherent in T cells?

From experiments in which T cells from animals lacking MHC class I and class II molecules have been artificially driven to mature, it has been shown that the ability to recognize MHC molecules is inherent in the genes that encode the T-cell receptor, rather than being dependent on selection for MHC recognition during T-cell development.