What is a dry electrostatic precipitator?

What is a dry electrostatic precipitator?

Dry electrostatic precipitator ( ESP ) devices are employed on hot process exhausts (250 – 850 deg. F) that operate above the dew point of the gas stream. Dry electrostatic precipitator devices typically collect dry dust particles such as wood ash, incinerator ash, or coal ash from boiler or incinerator applications.

What is the principle of ESP?

Electrostatic precipitators operate on the principle of the attraction of a charged particle for an oppositely charged collector. They have been used for both collecting particles for further analysis and for controlling particulate emissions from sources.

How does a dry electrostatic precipitator work?

Description. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) removes particles from a gas stream by using electrical energy to charge particles either positively or negatively. The charged particles are then attracted to collector plates carrying the opposite charge.

How much voltage does an electrostatic precipitator need?

Voltages can be greater than 10,000 volts. Dust particles with high resistance are held too strongly to the plate, making them difficult to remove and causing trapping problems. In low resistance dust layers, the corona current is readily passed to the grounded collection electrode.

What is the maximum efficiency of electrostatic precipitator?

99%
The maximum efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator is 99%.

How do you calculate the efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator?

especially when the gas to be treated and its particles are hot or wet. Typical efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator as a function of the corona power ratio, which is power consumed (in Watts) divided by the airflow in cubic feet per minute (cfm).

What is the principle of electrostatic precipitator?

An ESP works on the principle of the corona discharge effect. A high DC voltage is applied across the two plates or electrodes. The negatively charged plate attracts the dust particles which are further attracted by the positively charged electrode by the process of Ionisation.

What is air load test in ESP?

Air-load tests are generally conducted on cool, inoperative ESPs through which no gas is flowing. This test should be conducted when the ESP is new, after the first shutdown, and every time off-line maintenance is performed on the ESP.

What is sag of transmission line?

Sag: is defined as the vertical distance between the point where the line is joined to the tower and the lowest point on the line. [www.eng.uwi.tt] Transmission Tower: is a tall structure, usually a steel lattice tower, used to support an overhead power line.

What is charge ratio in ESP?

The charge ratio can be varies in the range 1:1 to 1:159, which is necessitated to tackle the high resistivity of fly ash encountered in precipitators in India. At higher charge ratios the base voltage reduces to very low values.

What is corona formula?

En = 1/(√3)×line voltage. Peek’s formula is applicable for decided visual corona. This formula the gives the inaccurate result when the losses are low, and En/Eo is less than 1.8.

What is ABCD parameter?

ABCD parameters are a simple set of equations that relate the voltage and current at the input of an N-port network to the voltage and current measured at the output of the network.

What is span and sag?

The horizontal distance between two electrical supports is called the span. If the weight of a conductor is uniformly distributed along the line, then it is assumed that a freely suspended conductor shape is a parabola. The shape of sag increases with the increase in the length of the span.

What is SAG limit?

Higher sag means loose conductor and lower tension. Therefore, a suitable value of sag is calculated so that the conductor remains in safe tension limit keeping the sag minimum. The tension at any point on the conductor acts tangentially. Therefore, the tension at the lowermost point on the conductor is horizontal.

Why is ammonia used in ESP?

(ii) The ESP collection efficiency is enhanced due to ammonia dosing and so is the migration velocity. The migration velocity rises in the range (16.60 – 22.82) % as different doses of ammonia conditioning compared to no dosing.

What are the ABCD parameters?

What is the use of Z parameters?

Impedance parameters or Z-parameters (the elements of an impedance matrix or Z-matrix) are properties used in electrical engineering, electronic engineering, and communication systems engineering to describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks.

What are G-parameters?

The constants g 11, g 12, g 21, and g 22 are known as inverse hybrid parameters or g-parameters. The g-parameters are defined as follows by using Equations (10.9) and (10.10). If I 2 = 0 the output port is open circuit. open circuit input admittance. open circuit forward voltage gain.