What is a naphtha fraction?

What is a naphtha fraction?

3.1 Naphtha. Naphtha (often referred to as naft in the older literature) is a generic term applied to refined, partly refined, or an unrefined low-to-medium boiling petroleum distillate fraction. Naphtha resembles gasoline in terms of boiling range and carbon number, being a precursor to gasoline.

How do you refine naphtha?

In a typical reforming unit the naphtha charge is first passed over a catalyst bed in the presence of hydrogen to remove any sulfur impurities. The desulfurized feed is then mixed with hydrogen (about five molecules of hydrogen to one of hydrocarbon) and heated to a temperature of 500–540 °C (930–1,000 °F).

What is the major use of naphtha fractions of crude oil?

The fractions are then further processed to produce fuels and chemical feedstock for the petrochemical industry.

What is naphtha composition?

Naphtha (/ˈnæpθə/ or /ˈnæfθə/) is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture. Mixtures labelled naphtha have been produced from natural gas condensates, petroleum distillates, and the distillation of coal tar and peat. In different industries and regions naphtha may also be crude oil or refined products such as kerosene.

What is naphtha isomerization?

The isomerization unit converts light naphtha into a higher-value gasoline blendstock by changing its molecular shape and raising its octane. The primary product of isomerization is called isomerate. The value from isomerization is its ability to upgrade light naphtha into gasoline.

What is the difference between cracking and reforming?

Catalytic cracking is the breakdown of large hydrocarbon compounds into small hydrocarbon molecules with the use of moderate temperatures and pressures in the presence of catalysts. Catalytic reforming is the conversion of low octane naphtha into high-octane reformate products.

What kind of solvent is naphtha?

Naphtha is a term used to refer to a group of volatile, flammable mixtures of liquid hydrocarbons that are used mainly as solvents, diluents, or raw materials for gasoline conversion.

What is VM and P naphtha?

An abbreviation for a trademark name of Varnish Makers and Painters Naphtha. VM&P naphtha is a aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent mixture distilled from petroleum. It has a boiling range of about 90-160C. VM&P naphtha is used as a paint thinner, metal degreaser and cleaning fluid. See Ligroin.

What is full range naphtha?

In petroleum engineering, full range naphtha is defined as the fraction of hydrocarbons in petroleum boiling between 30°C and 200°C. It consists of a complex mixture of hydrocarbon molecules generally having between 5 and 12 carbon atoms. It typically constitutes 15–30% of crude oil, by weight.

Why is isomerization of light naphtha carried out?

The isomerization process is gaining importance in the present refining context due to limitations on gasoline benzene, aromatics, and olefin contents. The isomerization process upgrades the octane number of light naphtha fractions and also simultaneously reduces benzene content by saturation of the benzene fraction.

What is a CCR in a refinery?

Continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) is part of the catalytic reforming process in a refinery where hydrogen and naphtha feed are reacted to create desired end products. The catalyst used in the reaction is continuously flowing through the reactors and then regenerated.

What is un number for naphtha?

Chemical Identifiers

What is the flash point of naphtha?

Flash point: 40-62°C c.c.

Is naptha toxic?

* Naphtha can affect you when breathed in and by passing through your skin. * Contact can irritate and burn the skin and eyes. * Breathing Naphtha can irritate the nose and throat. * Exposure to Naphtha can cause headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.