What is in the Hepatoduodenal ligament?

What is in the Hepatoduodenal ligament?

Held within the hepatoduodenal ligament are the bile duct, proper hepatic artery and the hepatic portal vein; collectively known as the portal triad. Like the lesser omentum, the hepatoduodenal ligament is formed by two layers of peritoneum, the visceral peritoneum and the parietal peritoneum.

What is Gastrosplenic ligament?

The gastrosplenic ligament is a rather thin delicate structure that connects the superior third of the greater curvature of the stomach to the splenic hilum. This ligament contains the left gastroepiploic and short gastric vessels and their associated lymphatics.

What is Gastrohepatic lymph node?

The gastrohepatic ligament is responsible for anchoring the stomach and liver within the abdominal cavity. Additionally, the GHL protects its contents: the right and left gastric vessels, branches of the vagus nerve, and the left gastric chain of lymph nodes.

How many layers of peritoneum are in lesser omentum?

The lesser omentum is a double layer of peritoneum that extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach and proximal duodenum to the inferior surface of the liver. Its free margin contains the portal triad (Ch. 62).

What is gastrohepatic ligament?

The gastrohepatic ligament is part of the lesser omentum. It joins the gastro-oesophageal junction and lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver at the fissure of the ligamentum venosum superiorly and the porta hepatis inferiorly.

What causes Gastrohepatic lymph node enlargement?

Infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders of the liver often cause adenopathy in the gastrohepatic and gastroduodenal ligaments. Lymphoma and carcinoma of the breast, lung, and oesophagus may spread to the same ligament.

What is the size of a cancerous lymph node?

Lymph nodes measuring more than 1 cm in the short axis diameter are considered malignant. However, the size threshold does vary with anatomic site and underlying tumour type; e.g. in rectal cancer, lymph nodes larger than 5 mm are regarded as pathological.

What is the difference between omentum and peritoneum?

The main difference between omentum and peritoneum is that omentum is an abdominal structure formed from the visceral peritoneum with a structure similar to the mesentery whereas peritoneum is the thin, serosal membrane, which lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities, covering most of the viscera.

What is Splenocolic ligament?

The splenocolic ligament is a peritoneal ligament connecting the splenic capsule to the transverse colon. Made of visceral peritoneum, it lies between the greater omentum and the transverse mesocolon.

Are para aortic lymph nodes cancerous?

Stage IV gastric cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PALM) is considered an unresectable metastatic disease, and its prognosis remains poor after isolated surgical treatment [2]. The best clinical practice for patients with clinical PALM has remained controversial for over 10 years [3].