What is the structure of carbapenems?

What is the structure of carbapenems?

Carbapenem is an organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of (5R)-1-azabicyclo[3.2. 0]hept-2-ene bearing a 7-keto substituent. The parent of the class of carbapenems. A group of beta-lactam antibiotics in which the sulfur atom in the thiazolidine ring of the penicillin molecule is replaced by a carbon atom.

What type of antibiotic is carbapenem?

Carbapenems are a subclass of antibiotics called beta-lactam antibiotics (that have a chemical structure called a beta-lactam ring).

What is the difference between a penicillin and a carbapenem?

In terms of structure, the carbapenems are very similar to the penicillins (penams), but the sulfur atom in position 1 of the structure has been replaced with a carbon atom, and an unsaturation has been introduced—hence the name of the group, the carbapenems.

How do carbapenem antibiotics work?

Closely related to penicillins, carbapenems are bactericidal beta-lactam antibiotics that bind to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). By binding and inactivating these proteins, carbapenems inhibit the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which leads to cell death.

Are carbapenems broad spectrum?

The carbapenems are beta-lactam antimicrobial agents with an exceptionally broad spectrum of activity.

Do carbapenems have beta-lactam rings?

β-lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a beta-lactam ring in their chemical structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems and carbacephems.

What class of antibiotic is meropenem?

Meropenem is a new beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the carbapenem class.

Are carbapenems broad-spectrum?

Is carbapenems bacteriostatic or bactericidal?

One way that bactericidal antibodies kill bacteria is by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. Examples include the Beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillin derivatives (penams) ), cephalosporins (cephems), monobactams, and carbapenems) and vancomycin.

What is the mechanism of action of the carbapenems?

Carbapenems work by penetrating the cell wall of bacteria, binding with penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), and result in inactivation of intracellular autolytic inhibitor enzymes, ultimately killing the bacterial cell.

Are carbapenems hydrophilic?

Carbapenems as a class of small molecular weight hydrophilic β-lactam antibiotics can permeate through bacterial outer membrane porin proteins OprC, OprD2, and OprE, but OprD2 is the channel specific protein for imipenem[18].

Is carbapenem a beta-lactam antibiotic?

Carbapenems are a class of atypical β-lactam antibiotics with broad-spectrum high antibacterial activity, excellent coverage of many Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, and stable to most β-lactamases.

What is the difference between meropenem and meropenem?

Imipenem, the first carbapenem, was first marketed in 1987; meropenem was introduced to the market in 1996. In general, imipenem is more active against Gram-positive cocci while meropenem is more active against Gram-negative bacilli. The agents display similar pharmacokinetics.

Is meropenem broad spectrum?

Meropenem is a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic that possesses excellent activity against both aerobic Gram-positive and aerobic Gram-negative bacteria, and also covers common anaerobes.

Why is meropenem preferred over imipenem?

Against Enterobacteriaceae, meropenem is four- to 16-fold more active than imipenem. Meropenem is approximately eightfold more active than imipenem against Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. B cepacia displays intermediate resistance, and S maltophilia is resistant to both agents.

What is the difference between meropenem and ertapenem?

Invanz (ertapenem) is an antibiotic that’s usually only given in hospital for serious infections. Treats bacterial infections. Merrem (meropenem) is an antibiotic that’s usually only given in the hospital for serious infections. It can be given at home, but you’ll have to be taught how to inject it correctly.

What is difference between meropenem and imipenem?

In general, imipenem is more active against Gram-positive cocci while meropenem is more active against Gram-negative bacilli. The agents display similar pharmacokinetics.

What is the difference between meropenem and imipenem?

What makes ertapenem different from other carbapenems?

This in vitro data suggest that ertapenem is less stable than the other carbapenems to the beta-lactamase enzymes and may confer resistance more rapidly in vivo. P. aeruginosa has become resistant to many of the beta-lactam antibiotics. It remains fairly sensitive to the carbapenems, excluding ertapenem.

What is the difference between ertapenem and meropenem?

In general for these target pathogens, based on MIC90 values, ertapenem has similar potency to meropenem and is slightly more potent than imipenem against Gram-negative pathogens whereas imipenem is slightly more potent against Gram-positive pathogens.