Why does Indian Ocean have dipole?
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Why does Indian Ocean have dipole?
The Indian Ocean Dipole, or IOD, is a natural climate phenomenon that influences rainfall patterns around the Indian Ocean, including Australia. It’s brought about by the interactions between the currents along the sea surface and atmospheric circulation.
What phase is the Indian Ocean Dipole in?
Positive Indian Ocean Dipole The positive phase of the IOD is driven by warmer than normal SSTs off the coast of Africa and cooler than normal SSTs to the west of Indonesia. This configuration of surface sea temperatures reverses the normal circulation with easterly winds setting up across the equatorial Pacific.
What does El Niño do to the Indian Ocean?
These El Nino events weaken the summer westerly (blowing from west to east) winds over the Indian Ocean. Winds have the effect of cooling the sea surface. Strong winds cause evaporation and loss of latent heat from the ocean leading to cooling. When the winds are weakened the opposite happens — the ocean warms.
How does Indian Ocean Dipole affect monsoon?
Indian Ocean Dipole: monsoon’s latest friend During the positive phase of IOD, sea surface temperatures are warmer in the western Indian Ocean (which gives a boost to monsoon winds) as compared to the eastern Indian Ocean—hence a dipole nature.
What happens during positive phases of the Indian Ocean Dipole?
Positive IOD phase This sets up a temperature difference across the tropical Indian Ocean with cooler than normal water in the east and warmer than normal water in the west. Generally this means there is less moisture than normal in the atmosphere to the northwest of Australia.
What is El Nino effect?
The term El Niño (Spanish for ‘the Christ Child’) refers to a warming of the ocean surface, or above-average sea surface temperatures, in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.
What is Indian Nino?
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), also known as the Indian Niño, is an irregular oscillation of sea surface temperatures in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer (positive phase) and then colder (negative phase) than the eastern part of the ocean.
How does El Niño affect Indian monsoon?
The warming in the tropical Pacific Ocean because of El Niño weakens the southeast trade winds flowing to the intertropical convergence zone over India. Since these winds are the main driving force of the Indian summer monsoon, El Niño events are associated with weak monsoons and lower than average rainfall.
What is the El Niño effect?
El Niño is a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. El Nino is the “warm phase” of a larger phenomenon called the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
Which of the following would impact the Indian Ocean Dipole the most?
Which of the following would impact the Indian Ocean dipole the most? Increasing surface ocean temperatures.
Which dipole is Favourable for Indian monsoon?
What is positive and negative Indian Ocean Dipole?
How does Indian Ocean Dipole affect Indian monsoon?
What is El Niño How does it affect Indian monsoon?
What are 3 effects of El Niño?
Severe drought and associated food insecurity, flooding, rains, and temperature rises due to El Niño are causing a wide range of health problems, including disease outbreaks, malnutrition, heat stress and respiratory diseases.
How El Nino affect Indian climate?
Answer. El-Nino increases the surface temperature of the sea and affects the movement of monsoon winds in the Indian Ocean and causes weak drought-like situation in the Indian sub continent.
How does El Nino influence the intensity and time of the Indian monsoon?
El Nino has been generally known to suppress monsoon rainfall in India while La Nina increases it. El Niño years tend to be drier than average, but one of the strongest El Nino of the century (1997-98) produced a monsoon season with above-average rainfall for India (see table).
How does the El Nino current influence the climate of India?
Is Indian Ocean Dipole?
The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia.
