What are the principal fibers of PDL?

What are the principal fibers of PDL?

The PDL consists of principal fibers, loose connective tissue, blast and clast cells, oxytalan fibers and Cell Rest of Malassez. The primary principal fiber group is the alveolodental ligament, which consists of five different fiber subgroups.

What is normal PDL space?

2,4 Radiographically, the PDL is seen as a radiolucent space between the lamina dura and the tooth root. The normal width of the PDL ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.21 mm, which may decrease with age.

What is dental PDL?

It is widely, and mistakenly, believed that gum tissue and bone hold the teeth in place. In reality, the periodontal ligament (PDL) serves as a soft tissue union between the tooth and bone. The PDL inserts into bone surrounding a tooth as well as the outer root surface layer (the cementum).

What is the function of the PDL?

The PDL is a highly specialized connective tissue situated between the tooth and the alveolar bone (Figure 1-5). The principal function of the PDL is to connect the tooth to the jaw, which it must do in such a way that the tooth will withstand the considerable forces of mastication.

Which of the following is the primary factor causing periodontal disease?

Plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease. However, other factors can contribute to gum disease. These include: Bad habits such as smoking and tobacco use make it harder for gum tissue to repair itself.

What causes widened PDL?

According to Auluck,5 widening of the PDL space is due to the involvement of the masticatory muscle, which becomes bulky, leading to an increased occlusal load and primary trauma from occlusion. Mehra6 suggested that an increase in the collagen synthesis in scleroderma may be the possible cause of PDL space widening.

How do you give a PDL injection?

The tip is placed at the buccal furcation of the tooth. Slide it subgingival parallel to the root surface until it contacts the bone/periodontal ligament area. Push the syringe apically with mild pressure to wedge it into the PDL space. Slowly inject half a rubber stopper amount into this area.

What is root dehiscence?

Dehiscence and Fenestration (Fig. 18-8) A dehiscence is loss of alveolar bone on the facial (rarely lingual) aspect of a tooth that leaves a characteristic oval, root-exposed defect from the cementoenamel junction apically. The defect may be one or two millimeters long or extend the full length of the root.

Does periodontal ligament need to be removed?

Periodontal Ligament When you bite down and chew, the PDL protects the tooth from shattering by compressing a fraction of a millimeter like a spring. It is standard of care for a traditional oral surgeon to assume that the periodontal ligament adheres to the tooth and is therefore always removed during an extraction.

Where is the periodontal ligament derived from?

Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells The PDL is a fibrous connective tissue derived from the dental follicle and originates from neural crest cells. PDL connects the cementum to alveolar bone and maintains the root of the tooth in the alveolar socket by acting as a ‘shock absorber’ during mastication.

Is PDL injection painful?

The literature concerning the success and pain scores of the PDL injection technique compared with other techniques remains controversial: whereas some studies20,21 have found no significant difference in pain scores between local infiltration and PDL injection, other older studies found that pain during administration …

What type of syringe is used for PDL injections?

In addition to using injection techniques, some topical anesthetics, particularly eutectic mixtures for subgingival application, may provide effective pre-anesthesia. Short 27-gauge and extra-short 30-gauge needles are recommended.