What caused the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami?
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What caused the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami?
The December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by an earthquake that is thought to have had the energy of 23,000 Hiroshima-type atomic bombs. The epicenter of the 9.0 magnitude quake was located in the Indian Ocean near the west coast of Sumatra.
How did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami affect the environment?
Environmental impacts of the tsunami Farm land ruined by salt water. 8 million litres of oil escaped from oil plants in Indonesia. Mangrove forests along the coast were destroyed. Coral reefs and coastal wetlands damaged.
How big was the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami?
At 7:59 AM, a 9.1-magnitude earthquake—one of the largest ever recorded—ripped through an undersea fault in the Indian Ocean, propelling a massive column of water toward unsuspecting shores. The Boxing Day tsunami would be the deadliest in recorded history, taking a staggering 230,000 lives in a matter of hours.
How much damage did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami cause?
The Impacts An astonishing roughly quarter million people (227,899) were killed or missing and presumed dead, including tourists, making this the deadliest tsunami in history. About 1.7 million people were displaced. Total damage was estimated at roughly $13 billion (2017 dollars).
What type of fault caused the 2004 tsunami?
inter-plate thrust fault
The tsunami from the 2004 M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake was primarily caused by vertical displacement of the seafloor, in response to slip on the inter-plate thrust fault (see Tectonics section above).
What are 5 effects of a tsunami?
Environmental impacts A tsunami changes the landscape. It uproots trees and plants and destroys animal habitats such as nesting sites for birds. Land animals are killed by drowning and sea animals are killed by pollution if dangerous chemicals are washed away into the sea, thus poisoning the marine life.
What was the impact of the 2004 tsunami?
Tsunami of 2004, caused by a 9.0 magnitude earthquake, is the most devastating tsunami in modern times, affecting 18 countries in Southeast Asia and Southern Africa, killing more than 250,000 people in a single day, and leaving more than 1.7 million homeless.
What are the effects of the 2004 tsunami?
What caused the 2004 earthquake?
The earthquake was caused by a rupture along the fault between the Burma Plate and the Indian Plate. South-west suburb of Banda Aceh, Sumatra on 2 January 2005. A series of massive tsunami waves grew up to 30 m (100 ft) high once heading inland, after being created by the underwater seismic activity offshore.
What happened in the 2004 tsunami?
The Boxing Day tsunami in 2004 is believed to be the deadliest tsunami in history, killing more than 230,000 people across 14 countries. It began at 7:59am local time on December 26, 2004, when a 9.1-magnitude quake struck off the northern tip of Sumatra in Indonesia.
How was the 2004 earthquake formed?
Who did the 2004 tsunami effect?
The tsunami killed at least 225,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand sustaining massive damage. Indonesian officials estimated that the death toll there alone ultimately exceeded 200,000, particularly in northern Sumatra’s Aceh province.
What causes a tsunami PDF?
They are caused when wind blows over the surface of the water and causes the water particles to move. Tsunamis, because of their long wave length, involve the movement of water all the way to the ocean floor and, as a result, their speed is controlled by the depth of the sea.
Who helped in the 2004 tsunami?
UNICEF was on the ground in the affected region at the time of the tsunami disaster and went to work immediately to provide lifesaving humanitarian relief to the survivors. Teams were mobilized in eight countries — Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, India and Somalia.
What were the effects of the Indian Ocean tsunami 2004?
Ten people were reported killed, and flooding destroyed a major bridge between the capital Port Victoria and main airport. Also, the island reported devastating economic loss in millions of dollars due to hotels, housing, public utilities, and fishing damages. More than 300 deaths were reported and 5,000 displaced.
What are facts about the Indian Ocean tsunami?
15–30 m (49–98 ft) on the west coast of Aceh
What damage did the Indian Ocean earthquake cause?
The waves spread throughout the Indian Ocean, causing damage in the coastal communities of 12 countries. By far, the most damaging effects were sustained by Aceh Province, where three devastating waves struck the western shore within about 30 minutes. The tsunami waves ranged from 4 to 39 meters high and destroyed more than 250 coastal communities.
What caused the Christmas Day tsunami?
What caused the christmas day tsunami? A powerful undersea earthquake that struck off the coast of Sumatra island, Indonesia, set off the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, also known as the Christmas or Boxing Day tsunami, on Sunday morning, Dec. 26, 2004.
How deadly is a tsunami?
Hurricane,Typhoon and Cyclone.
