What does extra prostatic extension mean?

What does extra prostatic extension mean?

Abstract. Background: Extraprostatic extension (EPE) is defined as local spread of prostate cancer (PC) beyond prostate boundaries. Although extensively evaluated in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens, its significance in prostate biopsy (PB) specimens is understudied.

What is the best treatment for extracapsular extension prostate cancer?

For those who have a radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy is given after the surgery. This is called adjuvant or salvage radiation therapy. It is a standard of care for prostate cancer with extraprostatic extension, which is when the tumor has spread to nearby areas outside the prostate gland.

What is extracapsular extension?

Lymph node extracapsular extension, also termed extranodal extension or extracapsular spread (ECS) from lymph nodes, is defined as metastatic cancer extending through the nodal capsule into the peri-nodal adipose tissue and is a hallmark of aggressive phenotype for multiple cancers [1].

What is EPE in prostate cancer?

Extraprostatic extension (EPE) on histopathological examination refers to the identification of tumor cells beyond the borders of the prostate, most often recognized as tumor intermingling with periprostatic adipose tissue.

What does extracapsular spread mean?

Extracapsular spread was defined as infiltration of cancer cells beyond the capsule of the metastatic lymph node.

Can MRI detect Extraprostatic extension?

Imaging features used to assess EPE include capsular irregularity, neurovascular bundle thickening, bulging or loss of the capsule, and measurable extracapsular disease [6]. However, microscopic EPE is still impossible to directly detect by MRI, and it is suspected when there is a long tumor-capsule interface.

What is extracapsular spread?

BACKGROUND. Extracapsular spread (ECS) in cervical lymph node metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is regarded as an adverse prognostic factor and is often used to select patients who may benefit from adjuvant therapy.

What does extracapsular mean?

situated outside a capsule
Medical Definition of extracapsular 1 : situated outside a capsule. 2 of a cataract operation : involving removal of the front part of the capsule and the central part of the lens — compare intracapsular sense 2.

What is extranodal spread?

Extranodal extension refers to the growth of a nodal cancer metastasis beyond the confines of the capsule of a lymph node into adjacent tissues. Less preferred synonyms include extranodal spread, extracapsular extension, or extracapsular spread. This finding holds prognostic implications.

How accurate is a prostate MRI?

A recent review showed that previous studies of MRI to detect clinically significant prostate cancer yielded NPVs of 63% to 96%, as determined by biopsy or prostatectomy specimen.

Is prostate cancer curable if it has spread?

Although metastatic prostate cancer can’t be cured, many treatments are available. These medications target the prostate cancer but also help strengthen bones and manage symptoms like bone pain. Akoury E, et al. (2019).

How fast does prostate cancer spread?

Prostate cancer is a slow-growing cancer and, more often, it is confined to the prostate gland, requiring minimal or no treatment. In some cases, it can take up to eight years to spread from the prostate to other parts of the body (metastasis), typically the bones.

Is prostate Stage 3 curable?

Patients with stage III prostate cancer are curable and have a number of treatment options, including external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with or without hormone therapy, surgical removal of the cancer with radical prostatectomy, or active surveillance without immediate treatment.