What is a Geminate in linguistics?
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What is a Geminate in linguistics?
In phonetics and phonology, gemination (/ˌdʒɛmɪˈneɪʃən/), or consonant lengthening (from Latin geminatio ‘doubling’, itself from gemini ‘twins’), is an articulation of a consonant for a longer period of time than that of a singleton consonant. It is distinct from stress.
What is lenition example?
Lenition can be seen in Canadian and American English, where [t] and [d] soften to a tap [ɾ] (flapping) when not in initial position and followed by an unstressed vowel. For example, both rate and raid plus the suffix -er are pronounced [ˈɹeɪ̯ɾɚ].
Is aspiration a lenition?
In traditional Gaelic grammar aspiration is refers to the phenomenon of lenition. This is not the standard usage among grammarians today, who reserve the term aspiration for the phonetic phenomenon described below involving a puff of air when pronouncing a consonant.
What is regressive assimilation in phonology?
regressive assimilation in American English noun. Phonetics. assimilation in which a following sound has an effect on a preceding one, as in pronouncing have in have to as haf, influenced by the voiceless t in to. Also called: anticipatory assimilation Compare progressive assimilation.
Why are there two n’s in running?
You don’t double the consonant if the word ends in ‘tion’ (also known as a suffixal consonant). You double up the last consonant, to make a suffixal vowel (running/ runner, jogging, stopping/stopped). In this instance, you double the last consonant to make the word ‘running’.
What is lenition and Fortition?
Traditionally, the major classes of sound change include two phenomena defined by changes in the relative strength of a sound: lenition and fortition. In the most general terms, lenition is the weakening of a consonant and fortition is the strengthening of a consonant.
What is the meaning of lenition?
a phonological process that weakens consonant articulation at the ends of syllables or between vowels, causing the consonant to become voiced, spirantized, or deleted. Linguistics.
What is aspiration phonology?
Aspiration is a phonological process that we use in English to alter the sound of /p/ and other voiceless stops. Alterations are often made in order to make the words easier for the speaker to articulate, or for the listener to hear, and as a result, are considered more efficient.
Which of the following is an example of epenthesis?
| EPENTHESIS | |
|---|---|
| Definition: | The insertion of a vowel to break up a cluster. |
| Examples: | blue /blu/ → /bəlu/ (syllable-initial cluster affected) film /fɪlm/ → /fɪləm/ (syllable-final cluster affected) |
What is Glide epenthesis?
Insertion of a glide between the two vowels (VV) is called glide epenthesis.
What are examples of metathesis?
Metathesis involves either consonants switching position with an adjacent consonant in a cluster or transposition with a vowel. There are three main patterns….
| METATHESIS | |
|---|---|
| Definition: | The rearrangement of two consonants in a syllable. |
| Examples: | ask /ɑsk/ → /ɑks/ (switching) star /stɑ/ → /sɑt/ (transposition) |
What is flapping in phonology?
In phonetics, a flap or tap is a type of consonantal sound, which is produced with a single contraction of the muscles so that one articulator (such as the tongue) is thrown against another.
What is the rabbit rule in phonics?
The Rabbit Generalization says that if a base word has two syllables, the vowel in the first syllable is short and there is only one consonant sound between the vowels, then the medial consonant is doubled.
What is the 111 rule?
There is one “rule” in English spelling that holds 100% of the time! That is the 1-1-1 Rule. Here’s what it says: Words of one syllable (1) ending in a single consonant (1) immediately preceded by a single vowel (1) double the consonant before a suffixal vowel (-ing, -ed) but not before a suffixal consonant (-tion).
What is the phonetic realization of a phonological double?
There are two possibilities for the phonetic realization of these morphological geminates: Either the phonological double is realized with a longer duration than a phonological singleton (gemination), or it is of the same duration as a singleton consonant (degemination).
Why are morphological divisions not shown in the case of degemination?
Where degemination (and, for ‘say’, compensatory lengthening) have taken place, morphological divisions are not shown in order to avoid a commitment to which morpheme the remaining singleton consonant belongs.
Does the suffix 2 of a verb root degeminate?
2of the verb root (and hence undergo degemination). Note that degemination in a consonant sequence resulting from contact between a verb root and a suffix requires identity between the two consonants, including voicing identity—the /dt/ sequence does not degeminate. The only exception to this statement is that /sʃ/
What are the five English affixes of gemination?
The present book provides the first large-scale empirical study on the gemination with the five English affixes un -, locative in -, negative in -, dis – and – ly. Using corpus and experimental data, the predictions of various approaches to the morpho-phonological and the morpho-phonetic interface are tested.
