What is HTLV-I II test?
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What is HTLV-I II test?
The HTLV-I/II Antibody test detects antibodies to the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV), a retrovirus, and differentiates between the two types of HTLV. The presence of antibodies to HTLV-I or HTLV-II indicates that a person is infected with the Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus.
What are the major differences between HTLV-1 and HTLV-2?
HTLV-1 is the causal agent of adult T-cell leukemia and a progressive neurological disorder called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (12, 34, 54). In contrast, HTLV-2 is essentially nonpathogenic, although a few cases of neurological disease in HTLV-2-infected individuals have been reported.
How do you get HTLV-2?
HTLV-2 is spread by blood transfusions, sexual contact and sharing needles. It can also be spread from mother to child during birth or breast-feeding.
What are HTLV-I and II antibody?
The human T-lymphotropic viruses, type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II), are closely related but distinct retroviruses that can infect humans. They are different from the human immunodeficiency viruses that cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
What does HTLV positive mean?
A positive HTLV-I/II molecular test indicates that the person tested has an HTLV-I or HTLV-II infection. If the molecular result is negative, then the person is less likely to be infected, but it cannot be ruled out as the amount of virus in the blood may have been too low to detect at the time of the test.
How common is HTLV 2?
With an estimated 800,000 infected individuals worldwide, HTLV-2 is far less prevalent than HTLV-1. Most documented HTLV-2 infected individuals are found in the United States (400,000–500,000) highly concentrated in the Native American and intravenous drug user populations.
What are HTLV-1 & 2 antibodies?
Infections with HTLV-I and HTLV-II are most easily detected serologically. The presence of antibodies to HTLV-I or HTLV-II indicates that a person is infected with the virus. In November 1988, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended that blood donation centers screen the U.S. blood supply for HTLV-I (3).
Can you donate blood if you have HTLV?
Must not donate. HTLV (Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus I and II) infection can cause serious blood and nervous system disease. It is known to be transmitted by transfusion.
Is HTLV curable?
No treatments exist for acute or chronic HTLV infection. Antiretroviral agents have demonstrated the ability to inhibit HTLV replication, but there has been limited research in asymptomatic carriers of HTLV-1, in whom the proviral load is already typically low.
Can HTLV be dormant?
HTLV-I infection The infection may be dormant for decades. The clinical picture may include skin lesions and pulmonary involvement.
